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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ed6\u65e0\u6743\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u81ea\u5df1\u5206\u914d\u8d44\u4ea7\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u5426\u51b3\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u7684\u5206\u914d\u3001\u5426\u51b3\u79fb\u9664\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u3001\u5426\u51b3\u4fe1\u6258\u6761\u6b3e\u53d8\u52a8\u3001\u5426\u51b3\u91ca\u653e\u6216\u64a4\u9500\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u6743\u529b\u3001\u5426\u51b3\u63d0\u524d\u7ec8\u6b62\u4fe1\u6258\u671f\u3001\u5426\u51b3\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u53ca\u5426\u51b3\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u4fee\u6539\u4fe1\u6258\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u529b\u6bd4BVI\u4fe1\u6258\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u901a\u5e38\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982BVI\u4e2d\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u9c9c\u6709\u6743\u540c\u610f\u6295\u8d44\u51b3\u5b9a\u3001\u6536\u5165\u5206\u914d\u6216\u4f4f\u5b85\u8d22\u4ea7\u51fa\u552e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u60c5\u80cc\u666f\u6781\u7aef\u5178\u578b\uff1aPugachev\u521b\u529e\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65afMezhprom\u94f6\u884c\u4e8e2014\u5e74\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u540e\u88ab\u6e05\u7b97\uff0c\u4ed6\u9003\u79bb\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u540e\u5c06\u4ef7\u503c9500\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u8d44\u4ea7\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4fe1\u6258\u3002\u6e05\u7b97\u4eba\u6311\u6218\u4fe1\u6258\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20Pugachev\u901a\u8fc7\u4fdd\u7559\u6743\u529b\u5b9e\u9645\u63a7\u5236\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002Pugachev\u672a\u51fa\u5ead\u5e94\u8bc9\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u8bc9\u8bbc\u4e2d\u56e0\u85d0\u89c6\u6cd5\u9662\u88ab\u5224\u4e24\u5e74\u76d1\u7981\uff08\u672a\u670d\u5211\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6cd5\u5b98Birss J\u8ba4\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u529b\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u975e\u53d7\u4fe1\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u884c\u4f7f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u987e\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u3002\u56e0Pugachev\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u548c\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u9632\u6b62\u8d44\u4ea7\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6362\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u786e\u4fdd\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u3002Birss J\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5728\u4fe1\u6258\u6761\u6b3e\u4e0b\uff0cPugachev\u672a\u5265\u79bb\u8d44\u4ea7\u7684\u53d7\u76ca\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u4fe1\u6258\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u5141\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4fdd\u7559\u6240\u6709\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E4%B8%89%E3%80%81%E5%AF%B9Pugachev%E6%A1%88%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%AF%84%E4%B8%8E%E5%B1%80%E9%99%90%E6%80%A7\"><\/span>\u4e09\u3001\u5bf9Pugachev\u6848\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Birss J\u7684\u865a\u5e7b\u4fe1\u6258\u5206\u6790\u5728\u5224\u4f8b\u524d\u5907\u53d7\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u300aLewin on Trusts\u300b\uff08\u7b2c20\u7248\uff09\u7b2c5-035\u6bb5\u79f0\u8be5\u51b3\u5b9a\u201c\u503c\u5f97\u6000\u7591\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\/\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u6743\u529b\u5206\u7c7b\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u529b\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u66f4\u6362\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u6743\u529b\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ec5\u5728\u65b0\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u53ef\u8fdd\u80cc\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\u884c\u4e8b\u65f6\u8d4b\u4e88\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u6709\u6548\u53d7\u76ca\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0e\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u6743\u529b\u4e3a\u53d7\u4fe1\u7684\u8ba4\u5b9a\u76f8\u6096\u3002\u300aLewin\u300b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65e9\u524d\u6743\u5a01\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4fdd\u7559\u4e2a\u4eba\u64a4\u9500\u4fe1\u6258\u6216\u5411\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u5206\u914d\u5168\u90e8\u8d22\u4ea7\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u59a8\u788d\u4fe1\u6258\u5728\u884c\u4f7f\u524d\u6709\u6548\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4fdd\u7559\u6743\u529b\u800c\u975e\u7edd\u5bf9\u53d7\u76ca\u6743\u76ca\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4fe1\u6258\u53ef\u5728\u672a\u884c\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\u65f6\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4fe1\u6258\u6761\u6b3e\u58f0\u660e\u8d22\u4ea7\u7edd\u5bf9\u5f52\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u4fe1\u6258\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u6096\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Webb v Webb\u5224\u4f8b\u524d\uff0c\u8bc4\u8bba\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3aPugachev\u6848\u5c06\u72ed\u4e49\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u9650\u4e8e\u5176\u6781\u7aef\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff08Pugachev\u672a\u51fa\u5ead\uff09\u3002\u300aUnderhill and Hayton \u2013 Law of Trusts and Trustees\u300b\u5f53\u524d\u7248\u672a\u8be6\u8ff0Pugachev\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u5176\u5df2\u88abWebb\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u6307\u51fa\uff0cPugachev\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u6743\u529b\u8d85\u51faBVI\u4fe1\u6258\u5e38\u89c4\uff0c\u82e5\u4fe1\u6258\u5305\u542b\u8f83\u5c11\u540c\u610f\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u66f4\u6613\u533a\u5206\u8be5\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%9B%9B%E3%80%81Webb_v_Webb%E6%A1%88%E7%9A%84%E5%88%A4%E4%BE%8B%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E6%89%A9%E5%B1%95\"><\/span>\u56db\u3001Webb v Webb\u6848\u7684\u5224\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\u53ca\u5176\u6269\u5c55<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Webb v Webb\u6848\uff08[2020] UKPC 22\uff09\u4e3a\u67a2\u5bc6\u9662\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u5e93\u514b\u7fa4\u5c9b\u4e0a\u8bc9\u6cd5\u9662\u88c1\u5b9a\uff1aWebb\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u4fe1\u6258\u65e0\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u548c\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u4fdd\u7559\u8fc7\u5e7f\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u672a\u6709\u6548\u5904\u7f6e\u8d22\u4ea7\uff0c\u4e14\u6743\u529b\u5982\u6b64\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u201c\u5728\u8861\u5e73\u548c\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u2026\u2026[Webb]\u53ef\u89c6\u4e3a\u62e5\u6709\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u6743\u65e0\u5f02\u7684\u4fe1\u6258\u8d44\u4ea7\u6743\u5229\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pugachev\u5224\u4f8b\u867d\u5728\u4e0b\u7ea7\u6cd5\u9662\u63d0\u53ca\uff0c\u4f46\u67a2\u5bc6\u9662\u672a\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Webb\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u53ca\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u6743\u529b\u5305\u62ec\u8981\u6c42\u4efb\u547d\u201c\u987e\u95ee\u201d\uff08\u4ed6\u7acb\u5373\u81ea\u4efb\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u987e\u95ee\u53ef\u65e0\u56e0\u66f4\u6362\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u3001\u534f\u52a9\u4fe1\u6258\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u65e0\u7406\u7531\u8981\u6c42\u7acb\u5373\u5f52\u5c5e\u4fe1\u6258\u8d22\u4ea7\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u884c\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\u800c\u4e0d\u987e\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\uff1b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u540d\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u529b\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u975e\u53d7\u4fe1\u6743\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6cd5\u9662\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e24\u9879\u65e0\u6548\u7406\u7531\uff1a\u4e00\u662fWebb\u4ece\u672a\u5265\u79bb\u8d22\u4ea7\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u4fe1\u6258\u521b\u5efa\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u591a\u65b0\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u4fe1\u6258\u751f\u6548\u3002\u300aUnderhill\u300b\uff08\u7b2c20\u7248\uff09\u7b2c8.6\u6bb5\u6279\u8bc4\u6b64\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u4e24\u7406\u7531\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e76\u5b58\uff0c\u4e14\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7406\u7531\u4e0e\u6743\u529b\u975e\u201c\u8d22\u4ea7\u201d\u7684\u5224\u4f8b\u76f8\u6096\uff08\u867d\u975e\u7edd\u5bf9\uff09\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u67d0\u4e9b\u76ee\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u822c\u6743\u529b\u6301\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff08\u5f15\u7528TMSF v Merrill Lynch [2011] UKPC 17\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300aUnderhill\u300b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u66f4\u8bf4\u670d\u6027\u89e3\u91ca\u5305\u62ec\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5411\u4ed6\u4eba\u8d4b\u4e88\u53d7\u76ca\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u6216\u7f3a\u4e4fMillett LJ\u5728Armitage v Nurse [1998] Ch 241\u6240\u8ff0\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fd8\u539f\u6838\u5fc3\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Webb\u6848\u540e\u7f6e\u300aLewin\u300b\u7b2c20\u7248\u8865\u7f16\uff08\u539f\u5b9a2022\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u73b0\u5ef6\u81f32023\u5e7411\u6708\uff09\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u53ef\u80fd\u4fee\u8ba2\u865a\u5e7b\u4fe1\u6258\u5206\u6790\u3002Birss J\u5206\u6790\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u672a\u5265\u79bb\u53d7\u76ca\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u800cLord Kitchin\u5728Webb\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6743\u529b\u7b49\u540c\u6240\u6709\u6743\u3002Webb\u4e2d\uff0cWebb\u591a\u91cd\u89d2\u8272\uff08\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u3001\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u3001\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u3001\u987e\u95ee\u3001\u6f5c\u5728\u552f\u4e00\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\uff09\u53ca\u65e0\u7ea6\u675f\u884c\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E4%BA%94%E3%80%81BVI%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E5%9C%A8%E6%97%A0%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%9A%E4%BF%AE%E6%94%B9%E4%B8%8B%E5%AF%B9%E8%99%9A%E5%B9%BB%E4%BF%A1%E6%89%98%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%99%E7%9A%84%E6%BD%9C%E5%9C%A8%E9%80%82%E7%94%A8\"><\/span>\u4e94\u3001BVI\u6cd5\u9662\u5728\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4fee\u6539\u4e0b\u5bf9\u865a\u5e7b\u4fe1\u6258\u539f\u5219\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u9002\u7528<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65e0BVI\u5224\u4f8b\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u65e0\u300a\u4fe1\u6258\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c86\u6761\u7b49\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0cBVI\u6cd5\u9662\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u8ddf\u968fWebb\u800c\u975ePugachev\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u65bd\u52a0\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u9650\u4e8e\u79bb\u5a5a\u6848\uff08\u5982Webb\uff09\u6216\u7834\u4ea7\/\u8d44\u4ea7\u4fdd\u62a4\u6848\uff08\u5982Pugachev\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u53ef\u65e0\u7ea6\u675f\u6210\u4e3a\u8d44\u4ea7\u53d7\u76ca\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pugachev\u548cWebb\u5206\u6790\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u4fe1\u6258\u6cd5\u539f\u5219\u91cd\u5927\u504f\u79bb\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u7b80\u7565\u3002\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u6781\u7aef\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u6216\u503a\u6743\u4eba\/\u914d\u5076\u6743\u5229\u6d89\u6848\u3002\u66ff\u4ee3\u89e3\u91ca\u5305\u62ec\u7f3a\u4e4f\u610f\u56fe\u6216\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fd8\u539f\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u9650\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u6301\u65e0\u7ea6\u675f\u975e\u53d7\u4fe1\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7edd\u5bf9\u83b7\u5f97\u8d44\u4ea7\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u3002\u5728\u975e\u79bb\u5a5a\/\u7834\u4ea7\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662 unlikely\u89c6\u4fdd\u7559\u4e2a\u4eba\u64a4\u9500\u6216\u4e00\u822c\u4efb\u547d\u6743\u529b\u4e3a\u865a\u5e7b\uff08\u9664\u975e\u884c\u4f7f\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c06\u65e0\u6548\u5316\u4f17\u591a\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e7\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4fe1\u6258\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pugachev\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u8ba4\u5b9a\u66f4\u6362\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u6743\u529b\u4e3a\u975e\u53d7\u4fe1\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4fe1\u6258\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u53d7\u4fe1\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3a\u7f55\u89c1\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9a\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0cBVI\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9Birss J\u5206\u6790\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u4fdd\u7559\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u975e\u914d\u5076\/\u503a\u6743\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u6d89\u6848\u65f6\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u5c06\u5927\u5e45\u7a00\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%85%AD%E3%80%81BVI%E3%80%8A%E4%BF%A1%E6%89%98%E6%B3%95%E3%80%8B%E7%AC%AC86%E6%9D%A1%E7%9A%84%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8\"><\/span>\u516d\u3001BVI\u300a\u4fe1\u6258\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c86\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ca\u5176\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f5c\u7528<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c86\u6761\u4e8e2021\u5e747\u67089\u65e5\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709BVI\u4fe1\u6258\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u4f55\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff09\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee31993\u5e7411\u67081\u65e5\u65e7\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6761\u6587\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u4fdd\u7559\u6709\u9650\u53d7\u76ca\u6743\u76ca\uff08\u6536\u5165\u6216\u8d44\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u6388\u4e88\u4ed6\u4eba\/\u804c\u4f4d\/\u673a\u6784\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u6216\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff09\u7b2c(2)\u6b3e\u6307\u5b9a\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u6216\u4e24\u8005\u517c\u6709\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\uff1a(a)\u65e0\u6548\u4fe1\u6258\uff1b(b)\u59a8\u788d\u4fe1\u6258\u6309\u6761\u6b3e\u751f\u6548\uff1b(c)\u81f4\u4fe1\u6258\u8d22\u4ea7\u4e3a\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u9057\u4ea7\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u6709\u9057\u5631\u6216\u65e0\u9057\u5631\u7ee7\u627f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c(2)\u6b3e\u6743\u529b\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(a)\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\/\u6350\u8d60\u4eba\u64a4\u9500\u4fe1\u6258\uff08\u5168\u90e8\u6216\u90e8\u5206\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(b)\u53d8\u52a8\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u4fe1\u6258\u6587\u4ef6\u6761\u6b3e\u3001\u4fe1\u6258\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u6216\u6743\u529b\uff08\u5168\u90e8\u6216\u90e8\u5206\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(c)\u4e00\u822c\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u6216\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u529b\u63a8\u8fdb\u3001\u4efb\u547d\u3001\u652f\u4ed8\u3001\u9002\u7528\u3001\u5206\u914d\u6216\u8f6c\u79fb\u4fe1\u6258\u8d22\u4ea7\uff08\u6536\u5165\/\u8d44\u672c\/\u4e24\u8005\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u6307\u793a\u6b64\u7c7b\u884c\u52a8\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(d)\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6216\u6307\u793a\u4efb\u547d\/\u79fb\u9664\u4fe1\u6258\u5168\u8d44\/\u90e8\u5206\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u8463\u4e8b\/\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u6216\u6307\u793a\u884c\u4f7f\u9644\u4e8e\u80a1\u4efd\u7684\u6295\u7968\u6743\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(e)\u5c31\u4fe1\u6258\u8d22\u4ea7\u8d2d\u7f6e\u3001\u4fdd\u7559\u3001\u6301\u6709\u3001\u9500\u552e\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5546\u4e1a\/\u6295\u8d44\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u6216\u6295\u8d44\/\u518d\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u6216\u884c\u4f7f\u76f8\u5173\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u7ea6\u675f\u6307\u793a\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(f)\u4efb\u547d\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u79fb\u9664\u6216\u66f4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u3001\u6267\u884c\u4eba\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u804c\u4f4d\u6301\u6709\u4eba\uff0c\u6216\u987e\u95ee\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6295\u8d44\u987e\u95ee\/\u7ecf\u7406\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(g)\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u79fb\u9664\u6216\u6392\u9664\u4efb\u4f55\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u3001\u53d7\u76ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u522b\u6216\u76ee\u7684\uff1b(h)\u53d8\u52a8\u4fe1\u6258\u51c6\u636e\u6cd5\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(i)\u53d8\u52a8\u6307\u5b9a\u6cd5\u9662\u4e13\u5c5e\/\u975e\u4e13\u5c5e\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u7684\u4fe1\u6258\u6761\u6b3e\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(j)\u9650\u5236\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u6743\u529b\/\u914c\u60c5\u6743\/\u804c\u80fd\u884c\u4f7f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4ec5\u7ecf\u4fe1\u6258\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u5b9a\u4eba\u540c\u610f\u6216\u6307\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c(3)\u6b3e\uff1a\u4ec5\u56e0\u4fdd\u7559\/\u6388\u4e88\u7b2c(2)\u6b3e\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u975e\u4fe1\u6258\u8d22\u4ea7\/\u6743\u76ca\u6301\u6709\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u6210\u4e3a\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u3002\u7b2c(4)\u6b3e\uff1a\u672c\u6761\u9002\u7528\u4e8eBVI\u51c6\u636e\u4fe1\u6258\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4f55\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u53ca\u4fe1\u6258\u53d7BVI\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f96\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\/\u758f\u5ffd\u3002\u7b2c(5)\u6b3e\uff1a\u201c\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u201d\u5305\u62ec(a)\u901a\u8fc7\u9057\u5631\u6388\u4e88\u6743\u529b\u7684\u7acb\u9057\u5631\u4eba\uff1b(b)\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u6258\u58f0\u660e\u5ba3\u544a\u5176\u53d7\u76ca\u6301\u6709\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u6309\u58f0\u660e\u6761\u6b3e\u6301\u6709\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BVI\u300a\u4fe1\u6258\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c2(4)\u6b3e\uff08\u6e90\u81ea\u6d77\u7259\u4fe1\u6258\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u4fdd\u7559\u6216\u6388\u4e88\u67d0\u4e9b\u6743\u5229\u548c\u6743\u529b\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0e\u4fe1\u6258\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff082021\u5e74\u4fee\u6b63\u6dfb\u52a0\u201c\u6216\u6388\u4e88\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E4%B8%83%E3%80%81%E7%AC%AC86%E6%9D%A1%E5%AF%B9Pugachev%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E7%9A%84%E4%BF%AE%E6%94%B9%E6%95%88%E6%9E%9C\"><\/span>\u4e03\u3001\u7b2c86\u6761\u5bf9Pugachev\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u6548\u679c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300aLewin\u300b\u7b2c5-040\u6bb5\u6307\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u878d\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08\u5982\u65e7\u7248\u7b2c86\u6761\uff09\u7684\u6cd5\u5b9a\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f7f\u4fdd\u7559\u6743\u529b\u4e0d\u65e0\u6548\u4fe1\u6258\u3001\u4e0d\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6216\u59a8\u788d\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u524d\u4fe1\u6258\u800c\u975e\u9057\u5631\u5904\u7f6e\u751f\u6548\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u89c4\u5b9a\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec5\u786e\u8ba4\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u548c\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9a\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u4f46\u6d88\u9664\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u89c4\u5219\u8303\u56f4\u7591\u8651\uff0c\u5e76\u5b89\u6170\u4fdd\u7559\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6743\u529b\u7684\u8bbe\u7acb\u4eba\u3002\u300aLewin\u300b\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u7c7b\u53f8\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f96\u533a\uff0cPugachev\u4e2d\u4fe1\u6258\u56e0\u89e3\u91ca\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u201c\u8ddf\u968f\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6709\u9650\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c86\u6761\uff08\u73b0\u7248\uff09\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0cPugachev\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u6743\u529b\u4e0d\u65e0\u6548BVI\u4fe1\u6258\u6216\u59a8\u788d\u5176\u6309\u6761\u6b3e\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u6545Birss J\u5206\u6790\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u53cd\u6620\u82f1\u56fd\u6cd5\uff09 unlikely\u5728BVI\u8ddf\u968f\u3002\u4f46\u5bbd\u5e7f\u6743\u529b\uff08\u5982\u64a4\u9500\/\u4e00\u822c\u4efb\u547d\uff09\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u5f62\uff08\u5982\u79bb\u5a5a\/\u503a\u6743\u4eba\u4e3b\u5f20\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u8d22\u4ea7\u201d\uff08\u5e94\u7528\u975e\u4fe1\u6258\u6cd5\u539f\u5219\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u8d22\u4ea7\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u66f4\u5e7f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%85%AB%E3%80%81%E7%BB%93%E8%AE%BA%EF%BC%9A%E5%AF%B9%E5%80%BA%E6%9D%83%E4%BA%BA%E8%BF%BD%E7%B4%A2%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA\"><\/span>\u516b\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5bf9\u503a\u6743\u4eba\u8ffd\u7d22\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u542f\u793a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4fe1\u6258\u6cd5\u4e2d\u865a\u5e7b\u4fe1\u6258\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5207\u9884\u6d4bBVI\u6cd5\u9662\u662f\u5426\u9002\u7528Pugachev\u5206\u6790\uff08\u65e0\u7b2c86\u6761\u65f6\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0cBVI\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9002\u7528\u8be5\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7b2c86\u6761\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u6096\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e3b\u5f20Birss J\u5206\u6790\u9002\u7528\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u8d25\uff08\u65e0\u5224\u4f8b\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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